Okay...don't be me.
So on the software side, using the MonoBrick C# Communication Library, I managed to set up a simple Windows Form interface that allowed for manual polling of the moisture and light sensor over the MonoBrick Tunnel running on an Android device. But then I wanted to set up video streaming...
I couldn't get it to work. I even tried downloading MonoBrick remote (which worked on a different computer and back when I was running Android 4.4.4) and it still wouldn't stream. I speculate that upgrading to 5.0.2 has caused a lot of issues, including the "menu crashing" error. Everything worked except for the streaming (and the fact I still couldn't access the menu).
So I tried re-installing the app. This was the big mistake. This removed the NXT from the "remembered device" list previously only accessible through the menu. And now, since I can't get to the menu, there is no way I can reconnect the NXT. Oops.
So while I wait for a response from the MonoBrick folks, I decided to screw around with other alternatives. At this point, the second option from my previous post is looking pretty good...but there's still the Java problem.